Flashcards Hub

Topic 01

Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table

Atoms, electron configurations, isotopes, Mendeleev, and periodic trends.

Paper 1 • 52 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 02

Bonding, Structure & Properties

Ionic, covalent, and metallic lattices, polymers, fullerenes, and graphene.

Paper 1 • 50 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 03

Quantitative Chemistry

Conservation of mass, relative formula mass, moles, titrations, and yield.

Paper 1 • 43 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 04

Chemical Changes

Reactivity series, extraction of metals, acids, bases, and electrolysis.

Paper 1 • 62 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 05

Energy Changes

Exothermic and endothermic profiles, bond energies, cells, and fuel cells.

Paper 1 • 27 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 06

Rate & Extent of Chemical Change

Collision theory, catalysts, dynamic equilibria, and Le Chatelier principle.

Paper 2 • 35 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 07

Organic Chemistry

Crude oil, alkanes, fractional distillation, cracking, and alkenes.

Paper 2 • 37 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 08

Chemical Analysis

Pure substances, formulations, chromatography, gas tests, and flame tests.

Paper 2 • 31 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 09

Chemistry of the Atmosphere

Evolution of the atmosphere, greenhouse gases, climate change, and pollutants.

Paper 2 • 31 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 10

Using Resources

Potable water, wastewater, Haber process, NPK fertilisers, and LCAs.

Paper 2 • 37 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1

Atomic Structure

Subatomic particles, TOF mass spectrometry, and electron subshells.

Active Recall • 19 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 2

Amount of Substance

Moles, ideal gas equation (pV = nRT), empirical formulas, and titration calculations.

Active Recall • 19 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 3

Bonding

Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding, electronegativity, polarity, and VSEPR shapes.

Active Recall • 20 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 4

Energetics

Enthalpy changes, Hess law cycles, calorimetry, and mean bond enthalpies.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 5

Kinetics

Collision theory, activation energy, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, and catalysts.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 6

Chemical Equilibria & Kc

Dynamic equilibria, Le Chatelier principle, equilibrium constant Kc, and industrial compromises.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 7

Redox Reactions

Oxidation states, half-equations, electron transfer, and balancing redox equations.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 8

Thermodynamics

Born-Haber cycles, lattice enthalpies, hydration enthalpies, entropy, and Gibbs free energy.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 9

Rate Equations

Rate laws, orders of reaction, rate constant k, Arrhenius equation, and rate-determining steps.

Active Recall • 19 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 10

Equilibrium Constant Kp

Mole fractions, partial pressures, Kp expressions, and temperature dependencies.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 11

Electrode Potentials & Cells

Electrochemical series, standard electrode potentials, commercial cells, and fuel cells.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 12

Acids and Bases

pH curves, Bronsted-Lowry theory, Kw, Ka, buffer solutions, and indicator selection.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1

Periodicity

Periodic trends across Period 3: melting points, atomic radii, and ionization energies.

Active Recall • 20 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 2

Group 2, Alkaline Earth Metals

Trends in reactivity, hydroxide and sulfate solubilities, barium meals, and titanium extraction.

Active Recall • 20 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 3

Group 7, Halogens

Trends in oxidizing ability, halide reducing ability, displacement, and testing with silver nitrate.

Active Recall • 20 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 4

Period 3 Elements & Oxides

Reactions of Period 3 oxides with water, acids, and bases, plus structure-bonding trends.

Active Recall • 20 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 5

Transition Metals

Complex ions, ligands, coordination numbers, variable oxidation states, color, and catalysis.

Active Recall • 20 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 6

Reactions of Aqueous Ions

Acidity of metal-aqua ions, precipitate reactions with NaOH, NH3, and Na2CO3.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1

Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Nomenclature, functional groups, IUPAC naming rules, structural isomerism, and reaction mechanisms.

Active Recall • 19 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 2

Alkanes

Fractional distillation, catalytic and thermal cracking, combustion, and free-radical substitution.

Active Recall • 22 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 3

Halogenoalkanes

Nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (OH-, CN-, NH3), elimination, and CFC ozone depletion.

Active Recall • 19 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 4

Alkenes

Electrophilic addition (HBr, H2SO4, Br2), carbocation stability, Markovnikov rule, and addition polymers.

Active Recall • 17 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 5

Alcohols

Fermentation vs hydration, primary/secondary/tertiary oxidation, and elimination to form alkenes.

Active Recall • 19 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 6

Organic Analysis

Test-tube reactions (Tollens, Fehlings, bromine water), high-resolution mass spec, and infrared spectroscopy.

Active Recall • 16 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 7

Optical Isomerism

Chiral centres, non-superimposable mirror images (enantiomers), plane-polarized light, and racemates.

Active Recall • 14 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 8

Aldehydes & Ketones

Carbonyl reactivity, nucleophilic addition with NaBH4 and KCN, and hydroxynitrile mechanisms.

Active Recall • 16 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 9

Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives

Esterification, acid anhydrides, acyl chlorides, and nucleophilic addition-elimination mechanisms.

Active Recall • 19 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 10

Aromatic Chemistry

Benzene stability, delocalized pi ring, electrophilic substitution: nitration and Friedel-Crafts acylation.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 11

Amines

Basicity trends, preparation from halogenoalkanes and nitriles, aromatic amines, and cationic surfactants.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 12

Polymers

Condensation polymerisation, polyesters (Terylene), polyamides (Nylon, Kevlar), and biodegradability.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 13

Amino Acids, Proteins & DNA

Zwitterions, peptide bonds, protein structure levels, enzyme action, and DNA nucleotide base pairing.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 14

Organic Synthesis

Designing multi-step synthetic routes, functional group interconversions, and reaction pathway planning.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 15

NMR Spectroscopy

1H and 13C NMR, chemical shifts, splitting patterns (n+1 rule), peak integration, and TMS reference.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 16

Chromatography

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), Rf values, column chromatography, gas chromatography, and GC-MS.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Master Deck

Unit 1 Master Flashcards

Complete 74-card active recall deck covering all Unit 1 physical and inorganic concepts.

Complete Unit Deck • 103 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1.1

Stoichiometry & Calculations

Empirical formulas, mole conversions, titration calculations, and percentage yields.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 1.2

Atomic Structure & TOF Mass Spec

Subatomic particles, TOF mass spectrometry flight times, and orbital ionization energies.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 1.3

Bonding & Molecular Shapes

VSEPR geometry, bond angles, electronegativity, dipole moments, and intermolecular forces.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 1.4

Periodicity (Period 3 Trends)

Period 3 trends across atomic radius, ionization energy, and melting point patterns.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 1.5

Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals

Reactivity trends, thermal decomposition, and solubility patterns of hydroxides and sulfates.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 1.6

Group 7 Halogens

Halogen displacement reactions, halide reducing trends, and silver halide testing.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Master Deck

Unit 2 Master Flashcards

Complete 81-card active recall deck covering kinetics, equilibria, and organic fundamentals.

Complete Unit Deck • 118 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 2.1

Reaction Kinetics & Maxwell-Boltzmann

Collision theory, activation energy distribution curves, temperature influence, and catalysts.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 2.2

Chemical Equilibria & Kc

Dynamic reversible equilibria, Le Chatelier principle, Kc expressions, and industrial compromises.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 2.3

Alkanes & Fractional Distillation

Petroleum fractions, cracking, complete and incomplete combustion, and chlorination.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 2.4

Halogenoalkanes & Substitution

Nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (OH-, CN-, NH3), elimination conditions, and CFC impacts.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 2.5

Alkenes & Electrophilic Addition

Carbon-carbon double bonds, electrophilic addition mechanisms, and addition polymers.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 2.6

Alcohols & Oxidation

Production routes, primary/secondary/tertiary oxidation with acidified dichromate, and dehydration.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 2.7

Organic Analysis & IR

Distinguishing functional groups using test-tube tests and interpreting Infrared spectra.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Master Deck

Unit 3 Master Flashcards

Complete 77-card active recall deck covering thermodynamics, electrode potentials, acids, bases, and complexes.

Complete Unit Deck • 126 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 3.1

Thermodynamics & Born-Haber

Enthalpy of lattice formation, hydration, entropy changes, and Gibbs free energy calculations.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 3.2

Electrode Potentials & Cells

Standard electrode potentials, electrochemical cells, feasibility prediction, and batteries.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 3.3

Acids, Bases & Buffers

pH calculations, Bronsted-Lowry acid-base pairs, Kw, Ka, buffer systems, and titration curves.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 3.4

Period 3 Oxides

Acidic, basic, and amphoteric behaviour of Period 3 oxides and their water reactions.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 3.5

Transition Metals & Complex Ions

Ligand substitution, color origin from d-orbital splitting, optical isomerism, and catalysts.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 3.6

Reactions of Aqueous Ions

Metal-aqua ion acidity, precipitate reactions with OH-, NH3, and CO3 2-, and amphoterism.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Master Deck

Unit 4 Master Flashcards

Complete 74-card active recall deck covering carbonyls, aromatics, amines, polymers, and NMR.

Complete Unit Deck • 120 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 4.1

Rate Equations & Reaction Orders

Rate laws, order determination from initial rates, Arrhenius equation graphs, and mechanisms.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.2

Gas Equilibria & Kp

Mole fractions, partial pressures, equilibrium constant Kp, and temperature variations.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.3

Optical Isomerism & Chirality

Non-superimposable enantiomers, asymmetric carbon centres, and optical activity polarimetry.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.4

Aldehydes & Ketones

Nucleophilic addition reactions with hydride and cyanide ions, and distinguishing tests.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.5

Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives

Esterification, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and nucleophilic addition-elimination mechanisms.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.6

Aromatic Chemistry & Substitution

Benzene structure, resonance delocalisation, electrophilic nitration, and Friedel-Crafts acylation.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.7

Amines & Base Strength

Relative basicity of primary, secondary, tertiary, and aromatic amines, plus amide synthesis.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.8

Condensation Polymers

Step-growth condensation polymerisation, polyesters, polyamides, and degradation.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.9

Amino Acids, Proteins and Cisplatin

Zwitterions, peptide links, protein structure and how cisplatin acts.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 4.11

NMR Spectroscopy

Chemical shift, integration, splitting patterns and carbon-13 NMR spectra.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Master Deck

Unit 5 Master Flashcards

Complete 52-card active recall deck covering experimental design, uncertainty, and analysis.

Complete Unit Deck • 52 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 5.1

Apparatus Uncertainty & Errors

Percentage uncertainty calculations, systematic and random errors, and minimizing equipment error.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 5.2

Experimental Design & Quickfit Setups

Reflux, distillation, vacuum filtration, recrystallisation, melting point determination, and safety.

Active Recall Study Deck →

Topic 5.3

Graphical & Data Analysis

Plotting lines of best fit, gradient calculations, logarithmic rate graphs, and evaluation.

Active Recall Study Deck →

RP1-RP10

All 10 Required Practical Decks

Comprehensive revision hub and active recall cards covering all 10 OxfordAQA Required Practicals.

Practical Hub Study Deck →

Section 1

Section 1: Principles of Chemistry

States of matter, atomic structure, relative formula mass, chemical formulae, bonding, and electrolysis.

Core Deck • 27 Cards Study Deck →

Section 2

Section 2: Inorganic Chemistry

The periodic table, Group 1 alkali metals, Group 7 halogens, atmospheric gases, and reactivity series.

Core Deck • 22 Cards Study Deck →

Section 3

Section 3: Physical Chemistry

Energetics, calorimetry, rates of reaction, catalysts, dynamic equilibria, and reversible reactions.

Core Deck • 25 Cards Study Deck →

Section 4

Section 4: Organic Chemistry

Introduction to organic chemistry, alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and polymers.

Core Deck • 25 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1.1

Particulate Nature of Matter

Kinetic theory, state transitions, temperature, and pressure in physical systems.

Active Recall • 95 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1.2

The Nuclear Atom

Atomic structure, isotopes, mass spectrometry, and radioisotopes in medicine.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1.3

Electron Configurations

Emission spectra, energy levels, subshells (s, p, d, f), and orbital occupancy rules.

Active Recall • 23 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1.4

Counting Particles by Mass

The mole concept, Avogadro constant, empirical formulas, and quantitative stoichiometry.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 1.5

Ideal Gases

Gas laws, ideal gas equation (PV = nRT), molar volume, and deviations from ideality.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 2.1

The Ionic Model

Ionic bonding, crystal lattice energy, polyatomic ions, and physical properties.

Active Recall • 88 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 2.2

The Covalent Model

Lewis formulas, VSEPR molecular shapes, polarity, resonance, and bond energies.

Active Recall • 30 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 2.3

The Metallic Model

Metallic lattices, delocalized electron sea, alloys, and conductivity trends.

Active Recall • 15 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 2.4

From Models to Materials

Bonding continuum, van Arkel-Ketelaar triangles, giant covalent networks, and polymers.

Active Recall • 18 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 3.1

The Periodic Table

Periodic trends in atomic radius, ionic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity.

Active Recall • 26 Cards Study Deck →

Topic 3.2

Functional Groups

Homologous series, IUPAC naming, structural isomerism, and functional group classifications.

Active Recall • 26 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R1.1

Measuring Enthalpy Changes

Calorimetry, standard enthalpy changes, and heat transfer equations (q = mcDeltaT).

Active Recall • 63 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R1.2

Energy Cycles

Hess law cycles, standard enthalpies of formation, combustion, and bond enthalpies.

Active Recall • 12 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R1.3

Energy from Fuels

Fossil fuels, biofuels, energy density, specific energy, and environmental footprints.

Active Recall • 12 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R1.4

Entropy and Spontaneity

Entropy changes (DeltaS), Gibbs free energy (DeltaG), and feasibility criteria.

Active Recall • 10 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R2.1

How Much? Amount of Change

Limiting reactants, percentage yield, atom economy, and titration calculations.

Active Recall • 60 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R2.2

How Fast? Rate of Change

Collision theory, activation energy, rate experiments, and catalyst pathways.

Active Recall • 10 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R2.3

How Far? Extent of Change

Dynamic equilibrium, equilibrium constant Kc expressions, and reaction quotient Q.

Active Recall • 10 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R3.1

Proton Transfer Reactions

Bronsted-Lowry acid-base pairs, pH scale, strong/weak electrolytes, and acid deposition.

Active Recall • 35 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R3.2

Electron Transfer Reactions

Redox half-equations, oxidation states, voltaic cells, and electrolytic cells.

Active Recall • 36 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R3.3

Electron Sharing Reactions

Free-radical substitution in alkanes, photochemical initiation, propagation, and termination.

Active Recall • 42 Cards Study Deck →

Topic R3.4

Electron-Pair Sharing Reactions

Nucleophilic substitution, electrophilic addition to alkenes, and Lewis acid-base adducts.

Active Recall • 30 Cards Study Deck →