3.2.2
Functional Groups
The master reference table of all IB Chemistry functional groups.
| Class | Functional Group | Structure | Suffix/Prefix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alkane | Alkyl | \(C-H\) (Saturated) | -ane |
| Alkene | Alkenyl | \(C=C\) (Unsaturated) | -ene |
| Alkyne | Alkynyl | \(C \equiv C\) | -yne |
| Alcohol | Hydroxyl | \(-OH\) | -ol (hydroxy-) |
| Ether | Ether | \(R-O-R'\) | -oxyalkane |
| Aldehyde | Carbonyl (terminal) | \(-CHO\) | -al |
| Ketone | Carbonyl (non-terminal) | \(-CO-\) | -one |
| Carboxylic Acid | Carboxyl | \(-COOH\) | -oic acid |
| Ester | Ester | \(-COO-\) | -oate |
| Amide | Carboxamide | \(-CONH_2\) | -amide |
| Amine | Amine | \(-NH_2\) | -amine (amino-) |
| Nitrile | Nitrile | \(-CN\) | -nitrile |
| Arene | Phenyl | \(C_6H_5-\) (Benzene Ring) | -benzene (phenyl-) |
| Halogenoalkane | Halogeno | \(-X\) (F, Cl, Br, I) | fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, iodo- |