IB ChemistryStructure 22.22.2.4
2.2.4

VSEPR Model

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory.

Principle

Electron domains repel each other and orient themselves as far apart as possible.

Repulsion Hierarchy

Lone Pair–Lone Pair > Lone Pair–Bonding Pair > Bonding Pair–Bonding Pair

Geometries (Up to 4 Domains)

Linear
180°
Trig. Planar
120°
Tetrahedral
109.5°
Pyramidal
<109.5°
Bent
≈104.5°
Domains Lone Pairs Electron Geometry Molecular Geometry Angle
2 0 Linear Linear 180°
3 0 Trigonal Planar Trigonal Planar 120°
3 1 Trigonal Planar Bent (V-shaped) <120°
4 0 Tetrahedral Tetrahedral 109.5°
4 1 Tetrahedral Trigonal Pyramidal <109.5°
4 2 Tetrahedral Bent (V-shaped) ≈104.5°
← 2.2.3 Coordination Bonds 2.2.5 Bond Polarity →