Electron-pair Sharing Reactions
Nucleophiles, electrophiles, substitution and addition mechanisms, Lewis acid-base theory, and coordination chemistry.
SL CORE
R3.4.1 Nucleophiles
Electron-pair donors: recognising charged and neutral nucleophiles.
→R3.4.2 Nucleophilic Substitution
How nucleophiles replace leaving groups with curly arrow equations.
→R3.4.3 Heterolytic Fission and Curly Arrows
Bond breaking where both electrons go to one fragment, forming ions.
→R3.4.4 Electrophiles
Electron-pair acceptors: recognising charged and neutral electrophiles.
→R3.4.5 Electrophilic Addition to Alkenes
Why alkenes are attacked by electrophiles and deducing equations.
→HL EXTENSION
R3.4.6 Lewis Acids and Bases
Electron-pair acceptors and donors: linking to nucleophiles and electrophiles.
→R3.4.7 Coordination Bonds
coordination covalent bonds formed in Lewis acid-base reactions.
→R3.4.8 Complex Ions and Ligands
Transition metal complexes, coordination numbers, and charge deduction.
→R3.4.9 SN1/SN2 Mechanisms
Full mechanisms with stereochemistry: Walden inversion and racemic mixtures.
→R3.4.10 Rate of Nucleophilic Substitution
Leaving group ability, bond enthalpy, and nucleophile strength effects.
→R3.4.11 Electrophilic Addition Mechanisms
Two-step mechanism with curly arrows via carbocation intermediate.
→R3.4.12 Carbocation Stability and Markovnikov
Predicting major products of asymmetric addition reactions.
→R3.4.13 Electrophilic Substitution of Benzene
Mechanism, Lewis acid catalysts, and why benzene substitutes not adds.
→Flashcards
Review key definitions and concepts with interactive flashcards.