IB Chemistry R3.1 R3.1.16
R3.1.16 HL

Titration Curves

Interpreting pH curves for the four types of acid-base titration.

The Four Types

TitrationStart pHEquiv. Pt pHSharp Jump?
SA+SB~1= 7Very sharp
WA+SB~3> 7Moderate
SA+WB~1< 7Moderate
WA+WB~3≈ 7Gradual

pH Curves (Adding Base to Acid)

pH Volume of base added 1 7 13 SA+SB WA+SB SA+WB

Half-Equivalence Point

At half-equivalence, [HA] = [A⁻], so pH = pKa. This can be read from the buffer region of WA+SB curves.

📋 Exam Tip

The buffer region is the flat section before equivalence in WA+SB curves. The WA+WB curve has no sharp equivalence jump, making it unsuitable for indicator use.

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← R3.1.15 Buffer CalcsR3.1.17 Indicators →